Abortion Abortion is commonly defined as the intentional termination of pregnancy with reasonable knowledge that such termination will cause the death of the embryo (embryos and embryonic stem cells) or fetus. Yet this definition masks a fundamental ambiguity regarding what qualifies as an abortion. If pregnancy is determined to commence at fertilization rather than implantation, many forms of contraception would be included within the meaning of abortion. Moreover, new methods of early medical abortion by means of a pill rather than surgery further blur the line..
Administrative Disputes in Civil Law Jurisdictions Administrative dispute (contentieux administratif, Verwaltungsstreit) is a legal institution which was created by the legal theory and practice at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Such an institution was established in order to ensure objective legality, as well as the protection of individual rights (consulte más sobre estos temas en la presente plataforma digital de ciencias sociales y humanidades). According to the theory of administrative law, administrative dispute is a form of providing judicial control over the legality of the decisions of public authorities and their officials, including the legality of their failures to take a decision. It…
Amparo The writ of amparo, as developed in Mexico since the mid-19th century, responds to the idea on the necessity to have a mechanism to control the constitutionality of acts and resolutions of the diverse branches of government. Thus, the function of the writ of amparo is to give persons (both individuals and jurídical persons) an instrument to challenge acts of authorities (including administrative, judicial and legislative acts), for being contrary to the fundamental rights contained in the Constitution. Different from the ‘Spanish model’, which granted the…
Authoritarianism Modern authoritarianism, a form of government (forms of government), is multifaceted (consulte más sobre estos temas en la presente plataforma digital de ciencias sociales y humanidades). As a broad term, authoritarianism refers to arbitrary governmental authority. The common feature of authoritarian states is the enforcement of obedience to a central authority at the expense of personal freedoms, rule of law and other constitutional values and principles (Oxford English Dictionary; Linz (2001) 57; Ginsburg and Simpser). 2. In other words, authoritarianism can be characterized by chronic shortcomings: narrowed political pluralism, absent or inadequate…
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